Update.

1998-07-17  Ulrich Drepper  <drepper@cygnus.com>

	* debug/catchsegv.sh: Fix several stupid bugs.

	* shlib-versions: Define version for libSegFault.
	* debug/Makefile: Replace shared lib version number while rewriting.

1998-07-17  Mark Kettenis  <kettenis@phys.uva.nl>

	* sysdeps/mach/hurd/dl-sysdep.c (__mmap): Add sanity check.
	Suggested by Roland McGrath.

1998-07-15  Andreas Jaeger  <aj@arthur.rhein-neckar.de>

	* timezone/Makefile: Remove '-L (leapseconds)' for testdata
	generation to control environment.

1998-07-17 09:21  Ulrich Drepper  <drepper@cygnus.com>

	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/sysv4/solaris2/bits/signum.h: Define SIG_HOLD.
	Patch by John Tobey <jtobey@banta-im.com>.

	* manual/llio.texi: Document readv/writev and mmap functions.
	Patch by Michael Deutschmann <michael@talamasca.wkpowerlink.com>.

1998-07-16  Andreas Schwab  <schwab@issan.informatik.uni-dortmund.de>

	* manual/Makefile (texis): Depend on texis.awk.
	(nonexamples): Filter out add-on chapters.
	(chapters.% top-menu.%): Depend on libc-texinfo.sh.
	(stamp-summary): Depend on $(texis) except summary.texi.
	($(inst_infodir)/libc.info): Simplify command.
	* manual/libc-texinfo.sh: Cleaned up to use less temporary files.
	Fix the generation of the detailed node listing to make it
	complete again.
	* manual/math.texi: Fix signature of lgamma_r.

14 files changed, 1224 insertions, 139 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index fa257cfc07..04cb9ad3eb 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,40 @@
+1998-07-17  Ulrich Drepper  <drepper@cygnus.com>
+
+	* debug/catchsegv.sh: Fix several stupid bugs.
+
+	* shlib-versions: Define version for libSegFault.
+	* debug/Makefile: Replace shared lib version number while rewriting.
+
+1998-07-17  Mark Kettenis  <kettenis@phys.uva.nl>
+
+	* sysdeps/mach/hurd/dl-sysdep.c (__mmap): Add sanity check.
+	Suggested by Roland McGrath.
+
+1998-07-15  Andreas Jaeger  <aj@arthur.rhein-neckar.de>
+
+	* timezone/Makefile: Remove '-L (leapseconds)' for testdata
+	generation to control environment.
+
+1998-07-17 09:21  Ulrich Drepper  <drepper@cygnus.com>
+
+	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/sysv4/solaris2/bits/signum.h: Define SIG_HOLD.
+	Patch by John Tobey <jtobey@banta-im.com>.
+
+	* manual/llio.texi: Document readv/writev and mmap functions.
+	Patch by Michael Deutschmann <michael@talamasca.wkpowerlink.com>.
+
+1998-07-16  Andreas Schwab  <schwab@issan.informatik.uni-dortmund.de>
+
+	* manual/Makefile (texis): Depend on texis.awk.
+	(nonexamples): Filter out add-on chapters.
+	(chapters.% top-menu.%): Depend on libc-texinfo.sh.
+	(stamp-summary): Depend on $(texis) except summary.texi.
+	($(inst_infodir)/libc.info): Simplify command.
+	* manual/libc-texinfo.sh: Cleaned up to use less temporary files.
+	Fix the generation of the detailed node listing to make it
+	complete again.
+	* manual/math.texi: Fix signature of lgamma_r.
+
 1998-07-16 23:06  Ulrich Drepper  <drepper@cygnus.com>
 
 	* debug/Makefile (distribute): Add sigcontextinfo.h.
diff --git a/debug/Makefile b/debug/Makefile
index 0826b9983a..ada992eb2c 100644
--- a/debug/Makefile
+++ b/debug/Makefile
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ include ../Rules
 
 $(objpfx)catchsegv: catchsegv.sh $(common-objpfx)soversions.mk \
 		    $(common-objpfx)config.make
-	sed 's/@VERSION@/$(version)/;s/@SLIB@/$(slibdir)/' $< > $@.new
+	sed -e 's|@VERSION@|$(version)|' -e 's|@SLIB@|$(slibdir)|' \
+	    -e 's|@SOVER@|$(libSegFault.so-version)|' $< > $@.new
 	chmod 555 $@.new
 	mv -f $@.new $@
 
diff --git a/debug/catchsegv.sh b/debug/catchsegv.sh
index 765242ecf8..26407a7ae6 100755
--- a/debug/catchsegv.sh
+++ b/debug/catchsegv.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ shift
 args="$*"
 
 if test $# -eq 0; then
-  case "$args" in
+  case "$prog" in
     --h | --he | --hel | --help)
       echo 'Usage: catchsegv PROGRAM ARGS...'
       echo '  --help      print this help, then exit'
@@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ Written by Ulrich Drepper.'
   esac
 fi
 
-LD_PRELOAD="${LD_PRELOAD:+${LD_PRELOAD}:}@SLIB@/libSegFault.so"
+LD_PRELOAD="${LD_PRELOAD:+${LD_PRELOAD}:}@SLIB@/libSegFault.so@SOVER@"
 export LD_PRELOAD
 SEGFAULT_USE_ALTSTACK=1
 export SEGFAULT_USE_ALTSTACK
-SEGFAULT_OUTPUT_NAME="$prog.segv.$$"
+SEGFAULT_OUTPUT_NAME="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/`basename $prog`.segv.$$"
 export SEGFAULT_OUTPUT_NAME
 
 $prog $args
 exval=$?
 
 unset LD_PRELOAD
-# Check for an segmentation fault.
+# Check for an segmentation error.
 if test $exval -eq 139; then
   # We caught a segmentation error.  The output is in the file with the
   # name we have in SEGFAULT_OUTPUT_NAME.  In the output the names of
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ if test $exval -eq 139; then
    read line; echo "$line"
    while read line; do
      case "$line" in
-       [*) addr="`echo $line | sed 's/^[\(.*\)]$/\1/'`"
-           complete="`addr2line -f -e $prog $addr 2>/dev/null|`"
-           if $? -eq 0; then
-             echo "`echo $complete|sed 'N;s/\(.*\)\n\(.*\)/\2(\1)/;'`$line"
+       [*) addr="`echo $line | sed 's/^\[\(.*\)\]$/\1/'`"
+           complete="`addr2line -f -e $prog $addr 2>/dev/null`"
+           if test $? -eq 0; then
+             echo "`echo $complete|sed 's/\(.*\) \(.*\)/\2(\1)/;'`$line"
            else
              echo "$line"
            fi
diff --git a/manual/.cvsignore b/manual/.cvsignore
index 01f89684cf..1d23d99cd2 100644
--- a/manual/.cvsignore
+++ b/manual/.cvsignore
@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ glibc-*
 *.toc *.aux *.log *.tmp
 *.cp *.cps *.fn *.fns *.vr *.vrs *.tp *.tps *.ky *.kys *.pg *.pgs
 
-chapters chapters-incl1 chapters-incl2 summary.texi stamp-*
+texis top-menu.texi chapters.texi summary.texi stamp-*
 distinfo dir-add.texinfo
diff --git a/manual/Makefile b/manual/Makefile
index 8af1d6c1a2..47656c6c7f 100644
--- a/manual/Makefile
+++ b/manual/Makefile
@@ -48,35 +48,32 @@ endif
 mkinstalldirs = $(..)scripts/mkinstalldirs
 
 chapters = $(addsuffix .texi, \
-	   intro errno memory ctype string mbyte locale message search	\
-	   pattern io stdio llio filesys pipe socket terminal math	\
-	   arith time setjmp signal startup process job nss users	\
-	   sysinfo conf)
-add-chapters = $(wildcard $(patsubst %, ../%.texi, \
-		 $(join $(add-ons:=/),$(add-ons))))
+		       intro errno memory ctype string mbyte locale	\
+		       message search pattern io stdio llio filesys	\
+		       pipe socket terminal math arith time setjmp	\
+		       signal startup process job nss users sysinfo conf)
+add-chapters = $(wildcard $(foreach d, $(add-ons), ../$d/$d.texi))
 appendices = lang.texi header.texi install.texi maint.texi contrib.texi
 
 -include texis
-texis: $(chapters) $(add-chapters) $(appendices) lgpl.texinfo
-	$(AWK) -f texis.awk $^ > $@.T
+texis: texis.awk $(chapters) $(add-chapters) $(appendices) lgpl.texinfo
+	$(AWK) -f $^ > $@.T
 	mv -f $@.T $@
 
-nonexamples = $(filter-out %.c.texi, $(texis))
+nonexamples = $(filter-out $(add-chapters) %.c.texi, $(texis))
 examples = $(filter %.c.texi, $(texis))
 
 # Kludge: implicit rule so Make knows the one command does it all.
-chapters.% top-menu.%: $(texis)
-	AWK=$(AWK) $(SHELL) libc-texinfo.sh \
-	'$(chapters)' '$(add-chapters)' '$(appendices)'
+chapters.% top-menu.%: libc-texinfo.sh $(texis)
+	AWK=$(AWK) $(SHELL) $< '$(chapters)' '$(add-chapters)' '$(appendices)'
 
 libc.dvi libc.info: chapters.texi top-menu.texi
 libc.dvi: texinfo.tex
 
 # Generate the summary from the Texinfo source files for each chapter.
 summary.texi: stamp-summary ;
-stamp-summary: summary.awk $(chapters) $(chapters-incl)
-	$(AWK) -f $^ \
-	| sort -df +1 -2 | tr '\014' '\012' > summary-tmp
+stamp-summary: summary.awk $(filter-out summary.texi, $(texis))
+	$(AWK) -f $^ | sort -df +1 -2 | tr '\014' '\012' > summary-tmp
 	$(move-if-change) summary-tmp summary.texi
 	touch $@
 
@@ -106,8 +103,8 @@ dir-add.texinfo: xtract-typefun.awk $(texis)
 	$(TEXI2DVI) $<
 
 # Distribution.
-minimal-dist =  summary.awk texis.awk libc-texinfo.sh libc.texinfo	\
-		$(filter-out summary.texi, $(nonexamples))		\
+minimal-dist = summary.awk texis.awk libc-texinfo.sh libc.texinfo	\
+	       $(filter-out summary.texi, $(nonexamples))		\
 	       $(patsubst %.c.texi,examples/%.c, $(examples))
 
 doc-only-dist = Makefile COPYING.LIB
@@ -170,9 +167,7 @@ install-%: ;
 
 $(inst_infodir)/libc.info: libc.info installdirs
 	for file in $<*; do \
-	  name=`basename $$file`; \
-	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$file \
-	    `echo $@ | sed "s,$<\$$,$$name,"`; \
+	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$file $(@D)/$$file; \
 	done
 
 installdirs:
diff --git a/manual/libc-texinfo.sh b/manual/libc-texinfo.sh
index 88733cb079..7f26f8ec5f 100644
--- a/manual/libc-texinfo.sh
+++ b/manual/libc-texinfo.sh
@@ -2,98 +2,71 @@
 
 # Create libc.texinfo from the chapter files.
 
-grep '^@node.*Top' $1 | cut -d, -f-2 |
-    sed 's/, /:/; s/:@node /:/; s/ /_/g; s/:/ /g' >cnodes.$$
-
-$AWK '{ file[$2] = $1; nnode[$2] = $3 }
-END  { for(x in file)
-	if(file[x] != "")
-	    print file[x] ":" x, file[nnode[x]] ":" nnode[x] }' \
-    cnodes.$$ | tsort | sed 's/_/ /g; $d' >corder.$$
-
-[ -z "$2" ] || grep '^@node.*Top' `echo $2 /dev/null | tr ' ' '\n' | sort` |
-    cut -d, -f1 | sed 's/@node //' >xorder.$$
-
-grep '^@node.*Top' $3 | cut -d, -f-2 |
-    sed 's/, /:/; s/:@node /:/; s/ /_/g; s/:/ /g' >anodes.$$
-
-$AWK '{ file[$2] = $1; nnode[$2] = $3 }
-END  { for(x in file)
-	if(file[x] != "")
-	    print file[x] ":" x, file[nnode[x]] ":" nnode[x] }' \
-    anodes.$$ | tsort | sed 's/_/ /g; $d' >aorder.$$
-
-IFS=:
-
->incl.$$
->smenu.$$
->lmenu.$$
-
-while read file node; do
-    echo "@include $file" >>incl.$$
-    echo "* $node:: `sed -n 's/^@c %MENU% //p' $file`" >>smenu.$$
-    lmenu=`sed -n '/^@menu/,/^@end menu/p; /^@end menu/q' $file |
-	sed '/^@menu/d; /^@end menu/d'`
-    [ -z "$lmenu" ] || (
-	echo; echo "$node"; echo
-	echo "$lmenu"
-    ) >>lmenu.$$
-done <corder.$$
-
-if [ -f xorder.$$ ]; then
-
-    (echo; echo 'Add-ons'; echo) >>smenu.$$
-
-    while read file node; do
-	echo "@include $file" >>incl.$$
-	echo "* $node:: `sed -n 's/^@c %MENU% //p' $file`" >>smenu.$$
-	lmenu=`sed -n '/^@menu/,/^@end menu/p; /^@end menu/q' $file |
-	    sed '/^@menu/d; /^@end menu/d'`
-	[ -z "$lmenu" ] || (
-	    echo; echo "$node"; echo
-	    echo "$lmenu"
-	) >>lmenu.$$
-    done <xorder.$$
-fi
+trap "rm -f *.$$; exit 1" 1 2 15
+
+exec 3>incl.$$ 4>smenu.$$ 5>lmenu.$$
+
+build_menu () {
+  while IFS=: read file node; do
+    echo "@include $file" >&3
+    echo "* $node:: `sed -n 's/^@c %MENU% //p' $file`" >&4
+    $AWK 'BEGIN { do_menu = 0 }
+	  /^@node / { sub(/^@node /, ""); sub(/,.*$/, ""); node = $0 }
+	  /^@menu/ { printf "\n%s\n\n", node; do_menu = 1; next }
+	  /^@end menu/ { do_menu = 0 }
+	  do_menu { print }' $file >&5
+  done
+}
 
-(echo; echo 'Appendices'; echo) >>smenu.$$
-
-while read file node; do
-    echo "@include $file" >>incl.$$
-    echo "* $node:: `sed -n 's/^@c %MENU% //p' $file`" >>smenu.$$
-    lmenu=`sed -n '/^@menu/,/^@end menu/p; /^@end menu/q' $file |
-	sed '/^@menu/d; /^@end menu/d'`
-    [ -z "$lmenu" ] || (
-	echo; echo "$node"; echo
-	echo "$lmenu"
-    ) >>lmenu.$$
-done <aorder.$$
-
-$AWK '
-BEGIN { FS=":" }
-
-/^\*/ {
-  printf("%-32s", $1 "::");
-  x = split($3, word, " ");
-  hpos = 34;
-  for(i = 1; i <= x; i++) {
-    hpos += length(word[i]) + 1;
-    if(hpos > 78) {
-      printf("\n%34s", "");
-      hpos = 35 + length(word[i]);
-    }
-    printf(" %s", word[i]);
-  }
-  print ".";
+collect_nodes () {
+  grep '^@node.*Top' "$@" /dev/null | cut -d, -f-2 |
+  sed 's/, /:/; s/:@node /:/; s/ /_/g; s/:/ /g' |
+  $AWK '{ file[$2] = $1; nnode[$2] = $3 }
+	END  { for (x in file)
+		 if (file[x] != "")
+		   print file[x] ":" x, file[nnode[x]] ":" nnode[x] }' |
+  tsort | sed 's/_/ /g; $d'
 }
 
-!/^\*/ { print; }
-' smenu.$$ >smenux.$$
+collect_nodes $1 | build_menu
+
+if [ -n "$2" ]; then
+
+  { echo; echo 'Add-ons'; echo; } >&4
+
+  grep '^@node.*Top' `echo $2 /dev/null | tr ' ' '\n' | sort` |
+  cut -d, -f1 | sed 's/@node //' | build_menu
+
+fi
+
+{ echo; echo 'Appendices'; echo; } >&4
+
+collect_nodes $3 | build_menu
+
+exec 3>&- 4>&- 5>&-
 
 mv -f incl.$$ chapters.texi
 
-(echo '@menu'
- cat smenux.$$
+{
+ echo '@menu'
+ $AWK -F: '
+  /^\*/ {
+    printf("%-32s", $1 "::");
+    x = split($3, word, " ");
+    hpos = 34;
+    for (i = 1; i <= x; i++) {
+      hpos += length(word[i]) + 1;
+      if (hpos > 78) {
+	printf("\n%34s", "");
+	hpos = 35 + length(word[i]);
+      }
+      printf(" %s", word[i]);
+    }
+    print ".";
+  }
+
+  !/^\*/ { print; }
+ ' smenu.$$
  cat <<EOF
 * Copying::                      The GNU Library General Public License says
                                   how you can copy and share the GNU C Library.
@@ -109,7 +82,7 @@ Indices
  --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
 EOF
  cat lmenu.$$
- echo '@end menu' ) >top-menu.texi.$$
+ echo '@end menu'; } >top-menu.texi.$$
 mv -f top-menu.texi.$$ top-menu.texi
 
 rm -f *.$$
diff --git a/manual/llio.texi b/manual/llio.texi
index 459032ee3a..cf3e1a7c89 100644
--- a/manual/llio.texi
+++ b/manual/llio.texi
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ directly.)
                                          or vice-versa.
 * Stream/Descriptor Precautions::       Precautions needed if you use both
                                          descriptors and streams.
+* Scatter-Gather::                      Fast I/O to discontinous buffers.
+* Memory-mapped I/O::                   Using files like memory.
 * Waiting for I/O::                     How to check for input or output
 					 on multiple file descriptors.
 * Synchronizing I/O::                   Making sure all I/O actions completed.
@@ -58,6 +60,7 @@ directly.)
                                          file locking.
 * Interrupt Input::                     Getting an asynchronous signal when
                                          input arrives.
+* IOCTLs::                              Generic I/O Control operations.
 @end menu
 
 
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ parameters (using the @samp{|} operator in C).
 @xref{File Status Flags}, for the parameters available.
 
 The normal return value from @code{open} is a non-negative integer file
-descriptor.  In the case of an error, a value of @code{-1} is returned
+descriptor.  In the case of an error, a value of @math{-1} is returned
 instead.  In addition to the usual file name errors (@pxref{File
 Name Errors}), the following @code{errno} error conditions are defined
 for this function:
@@ -240,7 +243,7 @@ until the program ends.  To avoid this calls to @code{close} should be
 protected using cancelation handlers.
 @c ref pthread_cleanup_push / pthread_cleanup_pop
 
-The normal return value from @code{close} is @code{0}; a value of @code{-1}
+The normal return value from @code{close} is @math{0}; a value of @math{-1}
 is returned in case of failure.  The following @code{errno} error
 conditions are defined for this function:
 
@@ -422,7 +425,7 @@ If @code{read} returns at least one character, there is no way you can
 tell whether end-of-file was reached.  But if you did reach the end, the
 next read will return zero.
 
-In case of an error, @code{read} returns @code{-1}.  The following
+In case of an error, @code{read} returns @math{-1}.  The following
 @code{errno} error conditions are defined for this function:
 
 @table @code
@@ -564,7 +567,7 @@ is therefore faster.
 You can use the @code{O_FSYNC} open mode to make @code{write} always
 store the data to disk before returning; @pxref{Operating Modes}.
 
-In the case of an error, @code{write} returns @code{-1}.  The following
+In the case of an error, @code{write} returns @math{-1}.  The following
 @code{errno} error conditions are defined for this function:
 
 @table @code
@@ -761,7 +764,7 @@ file takes up less space than it appears so; it is then called a
 @cindex holes in files
 
 If the file position cannot be changed, or the operation is in some way
-invalid, @code{lseek} returns a value of @code{-1}.  The following
+invalid, @code{lseek} returns a value of @math{-1}.  The following
 @code{errno} error conditions are defined for this function:
 
 @table @code
@@ -944,7 +947,7 @@ see @ref{Creating a Pipe}.
 This function returns the file descriptor associated with the stream
 @var{stream}.  If an error is detected (for example, if the @var{stream}
 is not valid) or if @var{stream} does not do I/O to a file,
-@code{fileno} returns @code{-1}.
+@code{fileno} returns @math{-1}.
 @end deftypefun
 
 @cindex standard file descriptors
@@ -1122,6 +1125,341 @@ terminal settings that were in effect at the time, flush the output
 streams for that terminal before setting the modes.  @xref{Terminal
 Modes}.
 
+@node Scatter-Gather
+@section Fast Scatter-Gather I/O
+@cindex scatter-gather
+
+Some applications may need to read or write data to multiple buffers,
+which are seperated in memory.  Although this can be done easily enough
+with multiple calls to @code{read} and @code{write}, it is inefficent
+because there is overhead associated with each kernel call.
+
+Instead, many platforms provide special high-speed primitives to perform
+these @dfn{scatter-gather} operations in a single kernel call.  The GNU C
+library will provide an emulation on any system that lacks these
+primitives, so they are not a portability threat.  They are defined in
+@code{sys/uio.h}.
+
+These functions are controlled with arrays of @code{iovec} structures,
+which describe the location and size of each buffer.
+
+@deftp {Data Type} {struct iovec}
+
+The @code{iovec} structure describes a buffer. It contains two fields:
+
+@table @code
+
+@item void *iov_base
+Contains the address of a buffer.
+
+@item size_t iov_len
+Contains the length of the buffer.
+
+@end table
+@end deftp
+
+@deftypefun ssize_t readv (int @var{filedes}, const struct iovec *@var{vector}, int @var{count})
+
+The @code{readv} function reads data from @var{filedes} and scatters it
+into the buffers described in @var{vector}, which is taken to be
+@var{count} structures long.  As each buffer is filled, data is sent to the
+next.
+
+Note that @code{readv} is not guaranteed to fill all the buffers.
+It may stop at any point, for the same reasons @code{read} would.
+
+The return value is a count of bytes (@emph{not} buffers) read, @math{0}
+indicating end-of-file, or @math{-1} indicating an error.  The possible
+errors are the same as in @code{read}.
+
+@end deftypefun
+
+@deftypefun ssize_t writev (int @var{filedes}, const struct iovec *@var{vector}, int @var{count})
+
+The @code{writev} function gathers data from the buffers described in
+@var{vector}, which is taken to be @var{count} structures long, and writes
+them to @code{filedes}.  As each buffer is written, it moves on to the
+next.
+
+Like @code{readv}, @code{writev} may stop midstream under the same
+conditions @code{write} would.
+
+The return value is a count of bytes written, or @math{-1} indicating an
+error.  The possible errors are the same as in @code{write}.
+
+@end deftypefun
+
+@c Note - I haven't read this anywhere. I surmised it from my knowledge
+@c of computer science. Thus, there could be subtleties I'm missing.
+
+Note that if the buffers are small (under about 1kB), high-level streams
+may be easier to use than these functions.  However, @code{readv} and
+@code{writev} are more efficient when the individual buffers themselves
+(as opposed to the total output), are large.  In that case, a high-level
+stream would not be able to cache the data effectively.
+
+@node Memory-mapped I/O
+@section Memory-mapped I/O
+
+On modern operating systems, it is possible to @dfn{mmap} (pronounced
+``em-map'') a file to a region of memory.  When this is done, the file can
+be accessed just like an array in the program.
+
+This is more efficent than @code{read} or @code{write}, as only regions
+of the file a program actually accesses are loaded.  Accesses to
+not-yet-loaded parts of the mmapped region are handled in the same way as
+swapped out pages.
+
+Since mmapped pages can be stored back to their file when physical memory
+is low, it is possible to mmap files orders of magnitude larger than both
+the physical memory @emph{and} swap space.  The only limit is address
+space.  The theoretical limit is 4GB on a 32-bit machine - however, the
+actual limit will be smaller since some areas will be reserved for other
+purposes.
+
+Memory mapping only works on entire pages of memory.  Thus, addresses
+for mapping must be page-aligned, and length values will be rounded up.
+To determine t