aarch64: Add tests for Guarded Control Stack

These tests validate that GCS tunable works as expected depending
on the GCS markings in the test binaries.

Tests validate both static and dynamically linked binaries.

These new tests are AArch64 specific. Moreover, they are included only
if linker supports the "-z gcs=<value>" option. If built, these tests
will run on systems with and without HWCAP_GCS. In the latter case the
tests will be reported as UNSUPPORTED.

Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella  <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>

15 files changed, 186 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/Makefile b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/Makefile
index 1fdad67fae..e16799fedd 100644
--- a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/Makefile
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/Makefile
@@ -3,7 +3,77 @@ sysdep_headers += sys/elf.h
 tests += \
   tst-aarch64-pkey \
   # tests
-endif
+
+ifneq (no,$(findstring no,$(have-cc-gcs) $(have-test-cc-gcs) $(have-ld-gcs)))
+
+gcs-tests-dynamic = \
+  tst-gcs-disabled \
+  tst-gcs-enforced \
+  tst-gcs-enforced-abort \
+  tst-gcs-optional-off \
+  tst-gcs-optional-on \
+  tst-gcs-override \
+  # gcs-tests-dynamic
+
+gcs-tests-static = \
+  tst-gcs-disabled-static \
+  tst-gcs-enforced-static \
+  tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort \
+  tst-gcs-optional-static-off \
+  tst-gcs-optional-static-on \
+  tst-gcs-override-static \
+  # gcs-tests-static
+
+tests += \
+  $(gcs-tests-dynamic) \
+  $(gcs-tests-static) \
+  # tests
+
+tests-static += \
+  $(gcs-tests-static) \
+  # tests-static
+
+define run-gcs-abort-test
+  $(test-wrapper-env) $(run-program-env) \
+  $(tst-gcs-$*-abort-ENV) $(host-test-program-cmd)
+endef
+
+$(objpfx)tst-gcs-%-abort.out: $(..)sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-abort.sh \
+	$(objpfx)tst-gcs-%-abort
+	$(SHELL) $< $(common-objpfx) $(test-name) '$(run-gcs-abort-test)'; \
+	$(evaluate-test)
+
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-disabled += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-enforced += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-enforced-abort += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-optional-on += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-optional-off += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-override += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-disabled-static += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-enforced-static += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-optional-static-on += -Wl,-z gcs=always
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-optional-static-off += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+LDFLAGS-tst-gcs-override-static += -Wl,-z gcs=never
+
+tst-gcs-disabled-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=0
+tst-gcs-enforced-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=1
+tst-gcs-enforced-abort-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=1
+tst-gcs-optional-on-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=2
+tst-gcs-optional-off-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=2
+tst-gcs-override-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=3
+
+tst-gcs-disabled-static-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=0
+tst-gcs-enforced-static-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=1
+tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=1
+tst-gcs-optional-static-on-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=2
+tst-gcs-optional-static-off-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=2
+tst-gcs-override-static-ENV = GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.aarch64_gcs=3
+
+endif # ifeq ($(have-test-cc-gcs),yes)
+
+endif # ifeq ($(subdir),misc)
 
 ifeq ($(subdir),stdlib)
 gen-as-const-headers += ucontext_i.sym
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-abort.sh b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-abort.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e2be2d5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-abort.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Test wrapper for AArch64 tests for GCS that are expected to abort.
+# Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+# The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+# The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+objpfx=$1; shift
+tstname=$1; shift
+tstrun=$1; shift
+
+logfile=$objpfx/$tstname.out
+
+rm -vf $logfile
+touch $logfile
+
+${tstrun} 2>> $logfile >> $logfile; status=$?
+
+if test $status -eq 127 \
+  && grep -q -w "not GCS compatible" "$logfile" ; then
+  exit 0
+elif test $status -eq 77; then
+  exit 77
+else
+  echo "unexpected test output or exit status $status"
+  exit 1
+fi
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled-static.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled-static.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c71d68cb86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled-static.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-disabled.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd688785bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-disabled.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 0
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-abort.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-abort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608318f26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-abort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 1
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c20a999f6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static-abort.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-enforced-abort.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb39dada55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced-static.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-enforced.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608318f26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-enforced.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 1
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-off.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-off.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd688785bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-off.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 0
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-on.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-on.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608318f26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-on.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 1
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-off.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-off.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..54e3b9a0d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-off.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-optional-off.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-on.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-on.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..11b884b429
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-optional-static-on.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-optional-on.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override-static.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override-static.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09055dcdc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override-static.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "tst-gcs-override.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..608318f26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-override.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#define TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED 1
+#include "tst-gcs-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-skeleton.c b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-skeleton.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37692c96d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/tst-gcs-skeleton.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/* AArch64 tests for GCS.
+   Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <support/check.h>
+#include <support/support.h>
+#include <support/test-driver.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/auxv.h>
+
+static bool __check_gcs_status (void)
+{
+  register unsigned long x16 asm ("x16");
+  asm volatile (
+    "mov	x16, #1 /* _CHKFEAT_GCS */\n"
+    "hint	40 /* CHKFEAT_X16 */\n"
+    : "=r" (x16));
+  return x16 ^ 1;
+}
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  /* Check if GCS could possible by enabled.  */
+  if (!(getauxval (AT_HWCAP) & HWCAP_GCS))
+    {
+      puts ("kernel or CPU does not support GCS");
+      return EXIT_UNSUPPORTED;
+    }
+  bool gcs_enabled = __check_gcs_status ();
+  if (gcs_enabled)
+    puts ("GCS enabled");
+  else
+    puts ("GCS not enabled");
+#if TEST_GCS_EXPECT_ENABLED
+  TEST_VERIFY (gcs_enabled);
+#else
+  TEST_VERIFY (!gcs_enabled);
+#endif
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#include <support/test-driver.c>