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diff --git a/blog/rtmp-server-setup-2020-01-11.markdown b/blog/rtmp-server-setup-2020-01-11.markdown new file mode 100644 index 0000000..edd6cbb --- /dev/null +++ b/blog/rtmp-server-setup-2020-01-11.markdown @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +--- +title: Live Streaming Server Setup +date: 2020-01-11 +series: howto +tags: + - rtmp + - live-streaming +--- + +# Live Streaming Server Setup + +I have set up my own [RTMP][rtmp] server that allows me to live stream to [my own +infrastructure][streampage]. This allows me to own my own setup and not need to +rely on other services such as Twitch or YouTube. As a side effect of doing +this, I can enable people who use my streaming server to use picture-in-picture +mode in iPadOS without having to hack the streaming app, among other things. + +This is part of my 2020 goal to reduce my dependencies on corporate social +platforms as much as possible. + +[rtmp]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol +[streampage]: https://home.cetacean.club/stream + +I chose to do my setup with a few key parts: + +- [docker-nginx-rtmp][docker-rtmp] +- [hls.js][hlsjs] +- [stream.html][streamhtml] +- [Caddy][caddy] + +[docker-rtmp]: https://github.com/alfg/docker-nginx-rtmp +[hlsjs]: https://hls-js.netlify.com/demo/ +[streamhtml]: https://gist.github.com/Xe/fadf1100a8152a3f328fc07522cf8176 +[caddy]: https://caddyserver.com + +## RTMP Server + +I chose to use [docker-nginx-rtmp][docker-rtmp] as a pre-packaged solution for +my RTMP server. This means I could set it up to ingest via my [WireGuard +VPN][sts-wireguard] with very little work. Here is the docker command I run on +my VPN host: + +[sts-wireguard]: https://christine.website/blog/series/site-to-site-wireguard + +```console +$ docker run \ + --restart always \ + -dit \ + -p 10.77.0.1:1935:1935 \ + -p 127.0.0.1:8080:80 \ + --name rtmp-server \ + alfg/nginx-rtmp +``` + +This starts my RTMP server in a container named `rtmp-server` and automatically +restarts it when it goes down. The IP address in the first `--port` (`-p`) flag +is the VPN IP address of my main VPN server. This makes me have to be behind my +VPN in order to stream to my server, given the total lack of authentication +that's involved in RTMP. + +## stream.html + +I have a custom stream page set up [on my server][streampage] that has a +friendly little wrapper to the video player. [Here][streamhtml] is the source +code for it. It's very short and easy to follow. I have these files at +`/srv/http/home.cetacean.club` on my VPN server. + +This wraps [hls.js][hlsjs] so that users on every browser I care to support can +watch the stream as it happens. + +## Caddy + +In order to expose the stream data to the world, I use [Caddy][caddy] as a +reverse proxy. Here is the configuration that I use for Caddy: + +``` +home.cetacean.club { + # Set up automagic Let's Encrypt + tls me@christine.website + + # Proxy the playlist, stream data + # and statistics to the rtmp server + proxy /hls http://127.0.0.1:8080 + proxy /live http://127.0.0.1:8080 + proxy /stat http://127.0.0.1:8080 + + # make /stream.html show up as /stream + ext .html + + # serve data out of /srv/http/home.cetacan.club + # you can put your HTTP document root + # anywhere you want, but I like it being + # here. + root /srv/http/home.cetacean.club +} +``` + +For more information on the Caddy configuration directives used here, see the +following: + +- [tls](https://caddyserver.com/v1/docs/tls) +- [proxy](https://caddyserver.com/v1/docs/proxy) +- [ext](https://caddyserver.com/v1/docs/ext) +- [root](https://caddyserver.com/v1/docs/root) + +## Caveats + +Live streaming like this uses _ABSURD_ amounts of bandwidth. Do not set this up +on a server that has limited bandwidth. If you need a server that has unlimited +bandwidth, check out [SoYouStart][sys]. It's what I use. + +[sys]: https://www.soyoustart.com/ca/en/ + +There isn't a good story for recording or announcing streams to this server +automatically. I don't consider this a problem, as links can always be sent out +manually on social media platforms. + +I hope this little overview of my setup was informative. I'll be +streaming [there][streampage] very irregularly, mostly as time permits/the +spirit moves me. I plan to stream art, gaming and code. + +Thanks for reading, have a good day. |