aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/FAQ.in
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorUlrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>1998-04-21 09:43:11 +0000
committerUlrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>1998-04-21 09:43:11 +0000
commitf12944ec15f451d0d1ea77cadb9ff40350075884 (patch)
tree11e7427c96ad92eb1c4cd6ef4e75f56bf332d621 /FAQ.in
parent8619129f3f0d5a9db6208be5bae6c2a8c9ce61a5 (diff)
downloadglibc-f12944ec15f451d0d1ea77cadb9ff40350075884.tar.xz
glibc-f12944ec15f451d0d1ea77cadb9ff40350075884.zip
Update.
1998-04-21 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@cygnus.com> * ptlongjmp.c: Add prorotypes for __libc_siglongjmp and __libc_longjmp.
Diffstat (limited to 'FAQ.in')
-rw-r--r--FAQ.in722
1 files changed, 361 insertions, 361 deletions
diff --git a/FAQ.in b/FAQ.in
index 0a8277fbe2..b1968bfb46 100644
--- a/FAQ.in
+++ b/FAQ.in
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU C Library
-This document tries to answer questions a user might have when
-installing and using glibc. Please make sure you read this before
-sending questions or bug reports to the maintainers.
+This document tries to answer questions a user might have when installing
+and using glibc. Please make sure you read this before sending questions or
+bug reports to the maintainers.
-The GNU C library is very complex. The installation process has not
-been completely automated; there are too many variables. You can do
-substantial damage to your system by installing the library
-incorrectly. Make sure you understand what you are undertaking before
-you begin.
+The GNU C library is very complex. The installation process has not been
+completely automated; there are too many variables. You can do substantial
+damage to your system by installing the library incorrectly. Make sure you
+understand what you are undertaking before you begin.
If you have any questions you think should be answered in this document,
please let me know.
@@ -19,12 +18,12 @@ please let me know.
?? What systems does the GNU C Library run on?
-{UD} This is difficult to answer. The file `README' lists the
-architectures GNU libc was known to run on *at some time*. This does
-not mean that it still can be compiled and run on them now.
+{UD} This is difficult to answer. The file `README' lists the architectures
+GNU libc was known to run on *at some time*. This does not mean that it
+still can be compiled and run on them now.
-The systems glibc is known to work on as of this release, and most
-probably in the future, are:
+The systems glibc is known to work on as of this release, and most probably
+in the future, are:
*-*-gnu GNU Hurd
i[3456]86-*-linux-gnu Linux-2.x on Intel
@@ -36,68 +35,69 @@ probably in the future, are:
arm-*-none ARM standalone systems
arm-*-linuxaout Linux-2.x on ARM using a.out binaries
-Ports to other Linux platforms are in development, and may in fact
-work already, but no one has sent us success reports for them.
-Currently no ports to other operating systems are underway, although a
-few people have expressed interest.
+Ports to other Linux platforms are in development, and may in fact work
+already, but no one has sent us success reports for them. Currently no
+ports to other operating systems are underway, although a few people have
+expressed interest.
-If you have a system not listed above (or in the `README' file) and
-you are really interested in porting it, contact
+If you have a system not listed above (or in the `README' file) and you are
+really interested in porting it, contact
<bug-glibc@gnu.org>
?? What compiler do I need to build GNU libc?
-{UD} You must use GNU CC to compile GNU libc. A lot of extensions of
-GNU CC are used to increase portability and speed.
+{UD} You must use GNU CC to compile GNU libc. A lot of extensions of GNU CC
+are used to increase portability and speed.
GNU CC is found, like all other GNU packages, on
+
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu
+
and the many mirror sites. ftp.gnu.org is always overloaded, so try to find
a local mirror first.
-You always should try to use the latest official release. Older
-versions may not have all the features GNU libc requires. The current
-releases of egcs (1.0.2) and GNU CC (2.8.1) should work with the GNU C
-library (for powerpc see question ?powerpc).
+You always should try to use the latest official release. Older versions
+may not have all the features GNU libc requires. The current releases of
+egcs (1.0.2) and GNU CC (2.8.1) should work with the GNU C library (for
+powerpc see question ?powerpc).
?? When I try to compile glibc I get only error messages.
What's wrong?
-{UD} You definitely need GNU make to translate GNU libc. No
-other make program has the needed functionality.
+{UD} You definitely need GNU make to translate GNU libc. No other make
+program has the needed functionality.
-We recommend version GNU make version 3.75. Versions 3.76 and 3.76.1
-have bugs which appear when building big projects like GNU libc.
-Versions before 3.74 have bugs and/or are missing features.
+We recommend version GNU make version 3.75. Versions 3.76 and 3.76.1 have
+bugs which appear when building big projects like GNU libc. Versions before
+3.74 have bugs and/or are missing features.
?? Do I need a special linker or archiver?
-{UD} You may be able to use your system linker, but GNU libc works
-best with GNU binutils.
+{UD} You may be able to use your system linker, but GNU libc works best with
+GNU binutils.
-On systems where the native linker does not support weak symbols you
-will not get a fully ISO C compliant C library. Generally speaking
-you should use the GNU binutils if they provide at least the same
-functionality as your system's tools.
+On systems where the native linker does not support weak symbols you will
+not get a fully ISO C compliant C library. Generally speaking you should
+use the GNU binutils if they provide at least the same functionality as your
+system's tools.
-Always get the newest release of GNU binutils available. Older
-releases are known to have bugs that prevent a successful compilation.
+Always get the newest release of GNU binutils available. Older releases are
+known to have bugs that prevent a successful compilation.
-{ZW} As of release 2.1 a linker supporting symbol versions is
-required. For Linux, get binutils-2.8.1.0.23 or later. Other systems
-may have native linker support, but it's moot right now, because glibc
-has not been ported to them.
+{ZW} As of release 2.1 a linker supporting symbol versions is required. For
+Linux, get binutils-2.8.1.0.23 or later. Other systems may have native
+linker support, but it's moot right now, because glibc has not been ported
+to them.
??powerpc Which compiler should I use for powerpc?
-{GK} You want to use egcs 1.0.1 or later (together with the right
-versions of all the other tools, of course).
+{GK} You want to use egcs 1.0.1 or later (together with the right versions
+of all the other tools, of course).
-In fact, egcs 1.0.1 has a serious bug that prevents a clean make,
-relating to switch statement folding. It also causes the resulting
-shared libraries to use more memory than they should. There is a
-patch at:
+In fact, egcs 1.0.1 has a serious bug that prevents a clean make, relating
+to switch statement folding. It also causes the resulting shared libraries
+to use more memory than they should. There is a patch at:
<http://discus.anu.edu.au/~geoffk/egcs-1.0.1-geoffk.diff>
@@ -149,20 +149,28 @@ Later versions of egcs may fix these problems.
?? What version of the Linux kernel headers should be used?
-{AJ,UD} The headers from the most recent Linux kernel should be used.
-The headers used while compiling the GNU C library and the kernel
-binary used when using the library do not need to match. The GNU C
-library runs without problems on kernels that are older than the
-kernel headers used. The other way round (compiling the GNU C library
-with old kernel headers and running on a recent kernel) does not
-necessarily work. For example you can't use new kernel features when
-using old kernel headers for compiling the GNU C library.
+{AJ,UD} The headers from the most recent Linux kernel should be used. The
+headers used while compiling the GNU C library and the kernel binary used
+when using the library do not need to match. The GNU C library runs without
+problems on kernels that are older than the kernel headers used. The other
+way round (compiling the GNU C library with old kernel headers and running
+on a recent kernel) does not necessarily work. For example you can't use
+new kernel features when using old kernel headers for compiling the GNU C
+library.
+
+?? The compiler hangs while building iconvdata modules. What's
+ wrong?
+
+{ZW} This is a problem with all current releases of GCC. Initialization of
+large static arrays is very slow. The compiler will eventually finish; give
+it time.
+
+The problem will be fixed in egcs 1.1 but probably not before then.
?? When I run `nm -u libc.so' on the produced library I still
find unresolved symbols. Can this be ok?
-{UD} Yes, this is ok. There can be several kinds of unresolved
-symbols:
+{UD} Yes, this is ok. There can be several kinds of unresolved symbols:
* magic symbols automatically generated by the linker. These have names
like __start_* and __stop_*
@@ -176,33 +184,32 @@ errors while linking before deciding there is a problem.
??addon What are these `add-ons'?
-{UD} To avoid complications with export rules or external source
-code some optional parts of the libc are distributed as separate
-packages (e.g., the crypt package, see ?crypt).
+{UD} To avoid complications with export rules or external source code some
+optional parts of the libc are distributed as separate packages (e.g., the
+crypt package, see ?crypt).
-To use these packages as part of GNU libc, just unpack the tarfiles in
-the libc source directory and tell the configuration script about them
-using the --enable-add-ons option. If you give just --enable-add-ons
-configure tries to find all the add-on packages in your source tree.
-This may not work. If it doesn't, or if you want to select only a
-subset of the add-ons, give a comma-separated list of the add-ons to
-enable:
+To use these packages as part of GNU libc, just unpack the tarfiles in the
+libc source directory and tell the configuration script about them using the
+--enable-add-ons option. If you give just --enable-add-ons configure tries
+to find all the add-on packages in your source tree. This may not work. If
+it doesn't, or if you want to select only a subset of the add-ons, give a
+comma-separated list of the add-ons to enable:
configure --enable-add-ons=crypt,linuxthreads
for example.
-Add-ons can add features (including entirely new shared libraries),
-override files, provide support for additional architectures, and
-just about anything else. The existing makefiles do most of the work;
-only some few stub rules must be written to get everything running.
+Add-ons can add features (including entirely new shared libraries), override
+files, provide support for additional architectures, and just about anything
+else. The existing makefiles do most of the work; only some few stub rules
+must be written to get everything running.
?? My XXX kernel emulates a floating-point coprocessor for me.
Should I enable --with-fp?
-{ZW} An emulated FPU is just as good as a real one, as far as the C
-library is concerned. You only need to say --without-fp if your
-machine has no way to execute floating-point instructions.
+{ZW} An emulated FPU is just as good as a real one, as far as the C library
+is concerned. You only need to say --without-fp if your machine has no way
+to execute floating-point instructions.
People who are interested in squeezing the last drop of performance
out of their machine may wish to avoid the trap overhead, but this is
@@ -213,107 +220,105 @@ far more trouble than it's worth: you then have to compile
?? When compiling GNU libc I get lots of errors saying functions
in glibc are duplicated in libgcc.
-{EY} This is *exactly* the same problem that I was having. The
-problem was due to the fact that configure didn't correctly detect
-that the linker flag --no-whole-archive was supported in my linker.
-In my case it was because I had run ./configure with bogus CFLAGS, and
-the test failed.
+{EY} This is *exactly* the same problem that I was having. The problem was
+due to the fact that configure didn't correctly detect that the linker flag
+--no-whole-archive was supported in my linker. In my case it was because I
+had run ./configure with bogus CFLAGS, and the test failed.
-One thing that is particularly annoying about this problem is that
-once this is misdetected, running configure again won't fix it unless
-you first delete config.cache.
+One thing that is particularly annoying about this problem is that once this
+is misdetected, running configure again won't fix it unless you first delete
+config.cache.
-{UD} Starting with glibc-2.0.3 there should be a better test to avoid
-some problems of this kind. The setting of CFLAGS is checked at the
-very beginning and if it is not usable `configure' will bark.
+{UD} Starting with glibc-2.0.3 there should be a better test to avoid some
+problems of this kind. The setting of CFLAGS is checked at the very
+beginning and if it is not usable `configure' will bark.
?? Why do I get messages about missing thread functions when I use
librt? I don't even use threads.
{UD} In this case you probably mixed up your installation. librt uses
threads internally and has implicit references to the thread library.
-Normally these references are satisfied automatically but if the
-thread library is not in the expected place you must tell the linker
-where it is. When using GNU ld it works like this:
+Normally these references are satisfied automatically but if the thread
+library is not in the expected place you must tell the linker where it is.
+When using GNU ld it works like this:
gcc -o foo foo.c -Wl,-rpath-link=/some/other/dir -lrt
-The `/some/other/dir' should contain the thread library. `ld' will
-use the given path to find the implicitly referenced library while not
-disturbing any other link path.
+The `/some/other/dir' should contain the thread library. `ld' will use the
+given path to find the implicitly referenced library while not disturbing
+any other link path.
?? What's the problem with configure --enable-omitfp?
{AJ} When --enable-omitfp is set the libraries are built without frame
-pointers. Some compilers produce buggy code for this model and
-therefore we don't advise using it at the moment.
+pointers. Some compilers produce buggy code for this model and therefore we
+don't advise using it at the moment.
-If you use --enable-omitfp, you're on your own. If you encounter
-problems with a library that was build this way, we advise you to
-rebuild the library without --enable-omitfp. If the problem vanishes
-consider tracking the problem down and report it as compiler failure.
+If you use --enable-omitfp, you're on your own. If you encounter problems
+with a library that was build this way, we advise you to rebuild the library
+without --enable-omitfp. If the problem vanishes consider tracking the
+problem down and report it as compiler failure.
-Since a library build with --enable-omitfp is undebuggable on most
-systems, debuggable libraries are also built - you can use it by
-appending "_g" to the library names.
+Since a library build with --enable-omitfp is undebuggable on most systems,
+debuggable libraries are also built - you can use it by appending "_g" to
+the library names.
-The compilation of these extra libraries and the compiler optimizations
-slow down the build process and need more disk space.
+The compilation of these extra libraries and the compiler optimizations slow
+down the build process and need more disk space.
? Installation and configuration issues
?? Can I replace the libc on my Linux system with GNU libc?
-{UD} You cannot replace any existing libc for Linux with GNU
-libc. It is binary incompatible and therefore has a different major
-version. You can, however, install it alongside your existing libc.
+{UD} You cannot replace any existing libc for Linux with GNU libc. It is
+binary incompatible and therefore has a different major version. You can,
+however, install it alongside your existing libc.
For Linux there are three major libc versions:
libc-4 a.out libc
libc-5 original ELF libc
libc-6 GNU libc
-You can have any combination of these three installed. For more
-information consult documentation for shared library handling. The
-Makefiles of GNU libc will automatically generate the needed symbolic
-links which the linker will use.
+You can have any combination of these three installed. For more information
+consult documentation for shared library handling. The Makefiles of GNU
+libc will automatically generate the needed symbolic links which the linker
+will use.
?? How do I configure GNU libc so that the essential libraries
like libc.so go into /lib and the other into /usr/lib?
{UD,AJ} Like all other GNU packages GNU libc is designed to use a base
directory and install all files relative to this. The default is
-/usr/local, because this is safe (it will not damage the system if
-installed there). If you wish to install GNU libc as the primary C
-library on your system, set the base directory to /usr (i.e. run
-configure --prefix=/usr <other_options>). Note that this can damage
-your system; see ?safety for details.
-
-Some systems like Linux have a filesystem standard which makes a
-difference between essential libraries and others. Essential
-libraries are placed in /lib because this directory is required to be
-located on the same disk partition as /. The /usr subtree might be
-found on another partition/disk. If you configure for Linux with
---prefix=/usr, then this will be done automatically.
+/usr/local, because this is safe (it will not damage the system if installed
+there). If you wish to install GNU libc as the primary C library on your
+system, set the base directory to /usr (i.e. run configure --prefix=/usr
+<other_options>). Note that this can damage your system; see ?safety for
+details.
+
+Some systems like Linux have a filesystem standard which makes a difference
+between essential libraries and others. Essential libraries are placed in
+/lib because this directory is required to be located on the same disk
+partition as /. The /usr subtree might be found on another
+partition/disk. If you configure for Linux with --prefix=/usr, then this
+will be done automatically.
To install the essential libraries which come with GNU libc in /lib on
-systems other than Linux one must explicitly request it. Autoconf has
-no option for this so you have to use a `configparms' file (see the
-`INSTALL' file for details). It should contain:
+systems other than Linux one must explicitly request it. Autoconf has no
+option for this so you have to use a `configparms' file (see the `INSTALL'
+file for details). It should contain:
slibdir=/lib
sysconfdir=/etc
-The first line specifies the directory for the essential libraries,
-the second line the directory for system configuration files.
+The first line specifies the directory for the essential libraries, the
+second line the directory for system configuration files.
??safety How should I avoid damaging my system when I install GNU libc?
-{ZW} If you wish to be cautious, do not configure with --prefix=/usr.
-If you don't specify a prefix, glibc will be installed in /usr/local,
-where it will probably not break anything. (If you wish to be
-certain, set the prefix to something like /usr/local/glibc2 which is
-not used for anything.)
+{ZW} If you wish to be cautious, do not configure with --prefix=/usr. If
+you don't specify a prefix, glibc will be installed in /usr/local, where it
+will probably not break anything. (If you wish to be certain, set the
+prefix to something like /usr/local/glibc2 which is not used for anything.)
The dangers when installing glibc in /usr are twofold:
@@ -336,54 +341,52 @@ long-time Linux users will remember.
?? Do I need to use GNU CC to compile programs that will use the
GNU C Library?
-{ZW} In theory, no; the linker does not care, and the headers are
-supposed to check for GNU CC before using its extensions to the C
-language.
+{ZW} In theory, no; the linker does not care, and the headers are supposed
+to check for GNU CC before using its extensions to the C language.
-However, there are currently no ports of glibc to systems where
-another compiler is the default, so no one has tested the headers
-extensively against another compiler. You may therefore encounter
-difficulties. If you do, please report them as bugs.
+However, there are currently no ports of glibc to systems where another
+compiler is the default, so no one has tested the headers extensively
+against another compiler. You may therefore encounter difficulties. If you
+do, please report them as bugs.
Also, in several places GNU extensions provide large benefits in code
quality. For example, the library has hand-optimized, inline assembly
-versions of some string functions. These can only be used with GCC.
-See ?string for details.
+versions of some string functions. These can only be used with GCC. See
+?string for details.
??crypt When linking with the new libc I get unresolved symbols
`crypt' and `setkey'. Why aren't these functions in the
libc anymore?
-{UD} The US places restrictions on exporting cryptographic programs
-and source code. Until this law gets abolished we cannot ship the
-cryptographic functions together with glibc.
+{UD} The US places restrictions on exporting cryptographic programs and
+source code. Until this law gets abolished we cannot ship the cryptographic
+functions together with glibc.
-The functions are available, as an add-on (see ?addon). People in the
-US may get it from the same place they got GNU libc from. People
-outside the US should get the code from ftp://ftp.ifi.uio.no/pub/gnu,
-or another archive site outside the USA. The README explains how to
-install the sources.
+The functions are available, as an add-on (see ?addon). People in the US
+may get it from the same place they got GNU libc from. People outside the
+US should get the code from ftp://ftp.ifi.uio.no/pub/gnu, or another archive
+site outside the USA. The README explains how to install the sources.
-If you already have the crypt code on your system the reason for the
-failure is probably that you did not link with -lcrypt. The crypto
-functions are in a separate library to make it possible to export GNU
-libc binaries from the US.
+If you already have the crypt code on your system the reason for the failure
+is probably that you did not link with -lcrypt. The crypto functions are in
+a separate library to make it possible to export GNU libc binaries from the
+US.
?? When I use GNU libc on my Linux system by linking against
the libc.so which comes with glibc all I get is a core dump.
-{UD} On Linux, gcc sets the dynamic linker to /lib/ld-linux.so.1
-unless the user specifies a -dynamic-linker argument. This is the
-name of the libc5 dynamic linker, which does not work with glibc.
+{UD} On Linux, gcc sets the dynamic linker to /lib/ld-linux.so.1 unless the
+user specifies a -dynamic-linker argument. This is the name of the libc5
+dynamic linker, which does not work with glibc.
For casual use of GNU libc you can just specify
-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2
-which is the glibc dynamic linker, on Linux systems. On other systems
-the name is /lib/ld.so.1.
+which is the glibc dynamic linker, on Linux systems. On other systems the
+name is /lib/ld.so.1.
-To change your environment to use GNU libc for compiling you need to
-change the `specs' file of your gcc. This file is normally found at
+To change your environment to use GNU libc for compiling you need to change
+the `specs' file of your gcc. This file is normally found at
/usr/lib/gcc-lib/<arch>/<version>/specs
@@ -395,8 +398,8 @@ In this file you have to change a few things:
- fix a minor bug by changing %{pipe:-} to %|
-Here is what the gcc-2.7.2 specs file should look like when GNU libc
-is installed at /usr:
+Here is what the gcc-2.7.2 specs file should look like when GNU libc is
+installed at /usr:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*asm:
@@ -446,11 +449,11 @@ is installed at /usr:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-Things get a bit more complicated if you have GNU libc installed in
-some other place than /usr, i.e., if you do not want to use it instead
-of the old libc. In this case the needed startup files and libraries
-are not found in the regular places. So the specs file must tell the
-compiler and linker exactly what to use.
+Things get a bit more complicated if you have GNU libc installed in some
+other place than /usr, i.e., if you do not want to use it instead of the old
+libc. In this case the needed startup files and libraries are not found in
+the regular places. So the specs file must tell the compiler and linker
+exactly what to use.
Version 2.7.2.3 does and future versions of GCC will automatically
provide the correct specs.
@@ -460,36 +463,35 @@ provide the correct specs.
linking on my Linux system I get error messages. How is
this supposed to work?
-{RM} Believe it or not, stat and lstat (and fstat, and mknod)
-are supposed to be undefined references in libc.so.6! Your problem is
-probably a missing or incorrect /usr/lib/libc.so file; note that this
-is a small text file now, not a symlink to libc.so.6. It should look
-something like this:
+{RM} Believe it or not, stat and lstat (and fstat, and mknod) are supposed
+to be undefined references in libc.so.6! Your problem is probably a missing
+or incorrect /usr/lib/libc.so file; note that this is a small text file now,
+not a symlink to libc.so.6. It should look something like this:
GROUP ( libc.so.6 libc_nonshared.a )
?? How can I compile gcc 2.7.2.1 from the gcc source code using
glibc 2.x?
-{AJ} There's only correct support for glibc 2.0.x in gcc 2.7.2.3 or
-later. But you should get at least gcc 2.8.1 or egcs 1.0.2 (or later
-versions) instead.
+{AJ} There's only correct support for glibc 2.0.x in gcc 2.7.2.3 or later.
+But you should get at least gcc 2.8.1 or egcs 1.0.2 (or later versions)
+instead.
?? The `gencat' utility cannot process the catalog sources which
were used on my Linux libc5 based system. Why?
-{UD} The `gencat' utility provided with glibc complies to the XPG
-standard. The older Linux version did not obey the standard, so they
-are not compatible.
+{UD} The `gencat' utility provided with glibc complies to the XPG standard.
+The older Linux version did not obey the standard, so they are not
+compatible.
To ease the transition from the Linux version some of the non-standard
-features are also present in the `gencat' program of GNU libc. This
-mainly includes the use of symbols for the message number and the automatic
+features are also present in the `gencat' program of GNU libc. This mainly
+includes the use of symbols for the message nu